Carlos Sérgio Sobral Duarte is a Brazilian diplomat who is currently the Secretary for Africa and the Middle East at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil. He has a long career in the diplomatic service and has served as the Ambassador of Brazil in India, Chile, and headed the Permanent Mission to the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna. He also was Deputy Permanent Representative of Brazil to the United Nations in New York. He has also been actively involved in various issues related to nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation.